TABC42 1/2
TABC42 ABAP Programming Techniques 1/2 ...................................0-1
Copyright ...............................................................................................0-2
Section Overview ............................................................................0-4
Section: Techniques for List Creation and SAP Query .......................1-1
Content: Techniques for List Creation and SAP Query ..........................1-2
Introduction ...........................................................................................2-1
Course Objectives ............................................................................2-2
Course Overview Diagram ............................................................2-3
Business Scenario ............................................................................2-4
Demonstrations, Copy Templates, and Solutions...............................2-5
Exercises and Units .........................................................................2-6
QuickViewer .........................................................................................3-1
QuickViewer: Principle ..................................................................3-2
QuickViewer: Initial Access ..........................................................3-3
Creating a QuickView ....................................................................3-4
Join Definition: Graphical ..............................................................3-5
Basis Mode: Principle Structure ...................................................3-6
Structuring a QuickView in the Basis Mode..................................3-7
Using the QuickView ......................................................................3-8
Summary ...........................................................................................3-9
SAP Query - Creating Lists ................................................................4-1
SAP Query - Creating Lists ...........................................................4-2
Overview: Programs and Query ....................................................4-3
Organization of Query ....................................................................4-4
Creating a Query ..............................................................................4-5
SAP Query - Creating Lists ...........................................................4-6
Defining a Query .............................................................................4-7
Selecting the Work Area and Functional Area........................4-8
Creating Local Fields ......................................................................4-9
Assigning Short Descriptions ......................................................4-10
Defining Local Fields ...................................................................4-11
Statistics ..........................................................................................4-12
Ranked List .....................................................................................4-13
Basic List: Layout Mode ..............................................................4-14
Designing a Basic List: Example ................................................4-15
Basic List: Control Level Processing .........................................4-16
Interactive Functions .....................................................................4-17
Saving Lists ....................................................................................4-18
Comparison: SAP Query - QuickView .......................................4-19
Summary .........................................................................................4-20
Solutions ..........................................................................................4-23
Outputting Data in Lists ......................................................................5-1
Generating a List .............................................................................5-2
Setting the List Format ...................................................................5-3
Page and Column Headers .............................................................5-4
Defining Line and Field Formats ..................................................5-5
WRITE Statement: General Syntax .............................................5-6
Outputting Icons, Symbols, and Lines ..........................................5-7
Scrolling in Lists and Lead Columns ...........................................5-8
Additional Statements for Page Layout ........................................5-9
Multilingual List Elements ..........................................................5-10
System Fields in List Creation ....................................................5-11
Standard List Functions ................................................................5-12
Summary .........................................................................................5-13
Exercises .........................................................................................5-14
Solutions ..........................................................................................5-17
Selection Screen ...................................................................................6-1
Selection Screen: Overview ..........................................................6-2
Declaring Fields with PARAMETERS ........................................6-3
Selections with SELECT -OPTIONS ............................................6-4
Selection Options and Multiple Selections..........................................6-5
Syntax of the SELECT -OPTIONS Statement....................................6-6
Designing the Selection Screen I ..................................................6-7
Designing the Selection Screen II .................................................6-8
Initializing the Selection Screen ...................................................6-9
Input Checks: AT SELECTION-SCREEN...........................................6-10
CALL SELECTION-SCREEN ...................................................6-11
Selection Screen: Variants I .........................................................6-12
Selection Screen: Variants II .......................................................6-13
Summary .........................................................................................6-14
Exercises .........................................................................................6-15
Solutions ..........................................................................................6-17
Logical Database ..................................................................................7-1
Generating Lists ...............................................................................7-2
Advantages of a Logical Database ...............................................7-3
Logical Database: Overview .........................................................7-4
Logical Database: F1S Nodes .......................................................7-5
Sample Program for a Logical Database ......................................7-6
LDB Sub-Objects: Structure ..........................................................7-7
Events in Logical Databases ..........................................................7-8
Program Flow and Termination Alternatives .......................................7-9
LDB Sub-Objects: Selections ......................................................7-10
Selection Screen for the Logical Database......................................7-11
Logical Database: Dynamic Selections .....................................7-12
LDB Sub-Objects: Database Programs .......................................7-13
Interaction: LDB and Program ....................................................7-14
Checking Internal Program Selections .......................................7-15
Summary .........................................................................................7-16
Exercises .........................................................................................7-17
Solutions ..........................................................................................7-19
Programming Data Retrieval ..............................................................8-1
Data Retrieval: Internal ..................................................................8-2
Reading Multiple Database Tables ...............................................8-3
Reading Multiple Database Tables I .............................................8-4
Reading Multiple Database Tables IIa ..........................................8-5
Reading Multiple Database Tables IIb .........................................8-6
Reading Multiple Database Tables III ..........................................8-7
Reading Multiple Database Tables IV ..........................................8-8
Summary ...........................................................................................8-9
Exercises .........................................................................................8-10
Solutions ..........................................................................................8-11
SAP Query - Administration ..............................................................9-1
ABAP Query - Administration ......................................................9-2
Maintaining User Groups ...............................................................9-3
Authorizations and ABAP Query .................................................9-4
ABAP Query - Administration ......................................................9-5
Defining Functional Areas .............................................................9-6
Overview: Creating Functional Areas ...........................................9-7
Defining Functional Areas: Example ............................................9-8
Defining Functional Areas .............................................................9-9
Allocating Fields ............................................................................9-10
Additional Information .................................................................9-11
Allocating Additional Tables ......................................................9-12
Allocating Additional Fields .......................................................9-13
Selection Options ...........................................................................9-14
Allocating ABAP Statements ......................................................9-15
Summary .........................................................................................9-16
Exercises .........................................................................................9-17
Data Formatting and Control Level Processing........................................10-1
Control Level Processing .............................................................10-2
Creating an Internal Table ............................................................10-3
Filling an Internal Table ...............................................................10-4
Sorting and Editing an Internal Table .........................................10-5
Control Level Processing for Internal Tables ........................................10-6
Control Level Processing Schema for Internal Tables..................................10-7
Summary .........................................................................................10-8
Exercises .........................................................................................10-9
Solutions ........................................................................................10-13
Saving Lists and Background Processing ......................................11-1
Saving Lists and Background Processing .........................................11-2
Options for Saving Lists ...............................................................11-3
Saving Lists in SAPoffice ............................................................11-4
Saving Lists as PC Files ...............................................................11-5
Saved Lists in the Area Menu .....................................................11-6
Saving Lists and Background Processing..........................................11-7
List Printing Options .....................................................................11-8
Print Parameters .............................................................................11-9
Program-Controlled Printing .....................................................11-10
Printing with GET_PRINT_PARAMETERS........................................11-11
GET_PRINT_PARAMETERS: Applications.................................11-12
Saving Lists and Background Processing....................................11-13
The Phases of Background Processing .....................................11-14
Defining Steps ..............................................................................11-15
Determining the Start Date and Releasing the Job............................11-16
Summary .......................................................................................11-17
Optional Exercises .......................................................................11-18
Solutions ........................................................................................11-19
ALV Grid Control ..............................................................................12-1
ALV Grid Control .........................................................................12-2
Controls:Technical Background I ...............................................12-3
Controls:Technical Background II ..............................................12-4
ALV Example and Standard Functions ......................................12-5
ALV Grid Control: Principle .......................................................12-6
Implementing the Control: Screen .............................................12-7
Implementation in the Program ...................................................12-8
Generating and Linking Objects .................................................12-9
Program Flow ...............................................................................12-10
Displaying the Data in the Control ...........................................12-11
ALV Grid Control .......................................................................12-12
Field catalog .................................................................................12-13
Selected Fields in the Field Catalog .........................................12-14
Filling and Passing On the Field Catalog....................................12-15
Saving Display Variants .............................................................12-16
Filling and Passing On the Layout Structure ..................................12-17
Interface to Display Method ......................................................12-18
ALV Grid Control .......................................................................12-19
Outlook: Handling Events I .......................................................12-20
Outlook: Handling Events II ......................................................12-21
Summary .......................................................................................12-22
Appendix .............................................................................................13-1
Generating an Extract: Steps .......................................................13-2
Example: Generating an Extract .................................................13-3
Sorting and Processing an Extract ...............................................13-4
Example: Control Level Processing ...........................................13-5
Schema of Control Level Processing for Extracts ...........................13-6
Comparing Internal Tables and Extracts ....................................13-7
Section: Transaction Programming .................................................14-1
Content: Transaction Programming ............................................14-2
Course Overview ................................................................................15-1
Course Goals ..................................................................................15-2
User Dialogs ...................................................................................15-3
Course Overview Diagram: BC410 ............................................15-4
Main Business Scenario ...............................................................15-5
Data Model .....................................................................................15-6
Implementation in the ABAP Dictionary ...................................15-7
ABAP Program Types ..................................................................15-8
Program Organization ...................................................................15-9
Basics for Interactive Lists ...............................................................16-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................16-2
Creating Lists: Overview ............................................................16-3
Selection Screen .............................................................................16-4
Entering Value Ranges .................................................................16-5
Defining and Calling Selection Screens .....................................16-6
Events: Selection Screen ..............................................................16-7
Events: Executable Program / Basic List ...................................16-8
User Dialogs on Lists ....................................................................16-9
Events: Detail List .......................................................................16-10
Potential Problems .......................................................................16-11
Placing Global Data in the Hide Area .......................................16-12
Retrieving Data From the Hide Area ........................................16-13
Valid Line Selection ....................................................................16-14
Interactive Lists: Unit Summary ................................................16-15
Basics for Interactive Lists: Exercises ......................................16-16
Basics for Interactive Lists: Solutions ......................................16-18
The Program Interface .......................................................................17-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................17-2
User Interfaces: Overview ...........................................................17-3
Overview: The Screen ..................................................................17-4
GUI Title .........................................................................................17-5
Status: Technical View (1) ...........................................................17-6
Status: Technical View (2) ...........................................................17-7
Functions .........................................................................................17-8
Function Key Settings ...................................................................17-9
Menus and Menu Bars ................................................................17-10
User Interfaces: Creating a GUI status .....................................17-11
Creating a GUI status ..................................................................17-12
Adjusting Statuses .......................................................................17-13
Including Existing Elements ......................................................17-14
Creating a GUI Status: Function Key Settings...............................17-15
Standard Toolbar: Automatic Assignments.....................................17-16
Creating a GUI Status: Application Toolbar ................................17-17
Creating a GUI Status: Menu Bar .............................................17-18
User Interfaces: Using a GUI status ..........................................17-19
Activating Title and Status .........................................................17-20
Event: AT USER-COMMAND ................................................17-21
User Interfaces: Unit Summary .................................................17-22
The Program Interface: Exercises .............................................17-23
The Program Interface: Solutions .............................................17-25
Interactive List Techniques ..............................................................18-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................18-2
Flow Control in Details Lists ......................................................18-3
Selecting Multiple Lines ..............................................................18-4
Selecting Multiple Lines ..............................................................18-5
Reading From the List Buffer .....................................................18-6
Changing the List Buffer ..............................................................18-7
Sorting lists .....................................................................................18-8
Sorting lists .....................................................................................18-9
Finding Out the Sort Field .........................................................18-10
Sorting Lists: Program ................................................................18-11
Controlling the List Sequence and Messages .....................................18-12
List Navigation .............................................................................18-13
Messages in Interactive Lists .....................................................18-14
Topic Summary ............................................................................18-15
Interactive List Techniques: Exercises .....................................18-16
Interactive List Techniques: Solutions ......................................18-18
Introduction to Screen Programming ..............................................19-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................19-2
Screen Programming: Principles .................................................19-3
Strengths of Screens ......................................................................19-4
Screens in Dialog Programs .........................................................19-5
Screen Programs: Screen Objects ..............................................19-6
Screen Objects ................................................................................19-7
General Attributes .........................................................................19-8
Attributes of Screen Objects (Key) .............................................19-9
Dynamically Modifiable Static Attributes ........................................19-10
Screen Programs: Screen Modifications .....................................19-11
The System Table SCREEN ......................................................19-12
Modifying Attributes Dynamically: Example .................................19-13
Object Attributes: Modification Groups ...................................19-14
Modifying Attributes Dynamically: Program..............................19-15
Screen Programs: Screen Processing ......................................19-16
Screens ...........................................................................................19-17
Screen: Definition and Use ........................................................19-18
Screen: Attributes ........................................................................19-19
Creating Screen ............................................................................19-20
Creating a Screen: Screen Attributes ........................................19-21
Creating a Screen: Element List: ...............................................19-22
Creating a Screen: Layout ..........................................................19-23
Creating a Screen: Flow Logic ..................................................19-24
Communication: Screen - ABAP Program....................................19-25
Static Screen Sequence ...............................................................19-26
Setting the Next Screen Dynamically .......................................19-27
Inserting a Sequence of Screens Dynamically ..................................19-28
Calling a Dialog Box Dynamically ...........................................19-29
Window Coordinates ..................................................................19-30
Setting the Cursor Position Dynamically ..........................................19-31
Screen Programs: GUI Status for Screens ......................................19-32
GUI Status for Screens ...............................................................19-33
Display Standards ........................................................................19-34
Processing the Function Code ...................................................19-35
Screen Programming: Summary ..............................................19-36
Introduction to Screen Programming: Exercises................................19-37
Introduction to Screen Programming: Solutions..............................19-39
Screen Elements for Output .............................................................20-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................20-2
Output Elements: Text Fields .....................................................20-3
Text Fields ......................................................................................20-4
Text Field: Attributes ....................................................................20-5
Creating Text Fields ......................................................................20-6
Hiding a Text Field Dynamically ................................................20-7
Dynamically Modifiable Attributes: Text Field ...............................20-8
Dynamic Screen Modifications: Program.................................20-9
Output Elements: Status Icons .................................................20-10
Status Icons ...................................................................................20-11
Status Icons: Attributes ...............................................................20-12
Creating Status Icons ..................................................................20-13
Filling a Status Icon ....................................................................20-14
Output Elements: Group Boxes ................................................20-15
Group Boxes .................................................................................20-16
Group Box: Attributes ................................................................20-17
Creating Group Boxes ................................................................20-18
Output Elements: Unit Summary .............................................20-19
Screen Elements for Input/Output ...................................................21-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................21-2
Input/Output Elements: Input/Output Fields ....................................21-3
Input/Output Fields .......................................................................21-4
Input/Output Fields: Attributes ...................................................21-5
Creating Input/Output Fields .......................................................21-6
Default Values in SAP Memory .................................................21-7
Defining SET/GET Parameter Attributes ...................................21-8
Automatic Field Input Checks .....................................................21-9
Field Input Checks with Error Dialog .......................................21-10
Checking Groups of Fields ........................................................21-11
Controlling Error Dialogs ..........................................................21-12
Dialog Message Categories .......................................................21-13
The FIELD Statement and Data Transport ...................................21-14
Conditional Module Calls ..........................................................21-15
Execution on Input ......................................................................21-16
Execution on Change ..................................................................21-17
Avoiding the Field Input Checks ...............................................21-18
Navigation - Targets ....................................................................21-19
Navigation - Dialogs ...................................................................21-20
Input/Output Elements: Input Help ...........................................21-21
Input Help .....................................................................................21-22
Dropdown List Boxes .................................................................21-23
Requirements of F4 Help ...........................................................21-24
ABAP Dictionary Object: Search Help ....................................21-25
Using Search Helps .....................................................................21-26
Search Help Assignment in ABAP Dictionary .............................21-27
Overview: Input Help Mechanisms ...........................................21-28
Input/Output Elements: Checkboxes and Radio Button Groups................21-29
Checkboxes and Radio Button Groups .....................................21-30
Radio Buttons and Checkboxes: Attributes ....................................21-31
Creating a Checkbox ...................................................................21-32
Creating a Radio Button Group .................................................21-33
Input/Output Elements: Pushbuttons ......................................21-34
Pushbuttons ...................................................................................21-35
Pushbuttons: Attributes ..............................................................21-36
Creating Pushbuttons ..................................................................21-37
Pushbutton Processing ................................................................21-38
Input/Output Objects: Summary ...............................................21-39
Screen Elements for Input/Output: Exercises.................................21-40
Screen Elements for Input/Output: Solutions.....................................21-43
Screen Elements: Subscreens and Tabstrip Controls .........................22-1
Overview Diagram VIII ...............................................................22-2
Subscreen ........................................................................................22-3
Subscreen (1) ..................................................................................22-4
Subscreen (2) ..................................................................................22-5
Subscreen Area: Attributes ..........................................................22-6
Creating a Subscreen Area ...........................................................22-7
Calling a Subscreen .......................................................................22-8
Subscreens From External Programs ..........................................22-9
Subscreens: Encapsulation in Function Groups......................................22-10
Subscreens in Function Groups: Call Sequence...............................22-11
Subscreens in Function Groups: Data Transport ..............................22-12
Tabstrip Control ...........................................................................22-13
Screen Element: Tabstrip Control .............................................22-14
Tabstrip Elements ........................................................................22-15
Tab Page: Technical View .........................................................22-16
Tabstrip Control: Attributes .......................................................22-17
Creating a Tabstrip Control .......................................................22-18
Creating a Tabstrip Control: Tabstrip Area .........................................22-19
Creating a Tabstrip Control: Tab Title ......................................22-20
Creating a Tabstrip Control: Tabstrip Subscreens..................................22-21
Scrolling Locally in a Tabstrip Control ....................................22-22
Scrolling Locally in a Tabstrip Control: Coding.....................................22-23
Scrolling in Tabstrip Controls ...................................................22-24
Scrolling in Tabstrip Controls: Coding .....................................22-25
Tabstrip Control on the Selection Screen ....................................................22-26
Selection Screens as Subscreens ...............................................22-27
Defining A Tabstrip Control on the Selection Screen ................................22-28
Selection Screen as a Subscreen on the Screen ............................................22-29
Subscreen and Tabstrip Control: Unit Summary ......................................................22-30
Subscreen and Tabstrip Control: Exercises .......................................................22-31
Subscreen and Tabstrip Control: Solutions...........................................................22-34
Screen Element: Table Controls ......................................................23-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................23-2
Table Control: Overview ..............................................................23-3
Table Control ..................................................................................23-4
Table Control: Features ................................................................23-5
Table Control: Table Settings ......................................................23-6
Actions in Table Controls ............................................................23-7
Creating a Table Control ..............................................................23-8
Table Control: Attributes .............................................................23-9
Creating a Table Control ............................................................23-10
Creating a Table Control: Table Control Area ........................................23-11
Creating a Table Control: Fields ...............................................23-12
Creating a Table Control: Selection Column .................................23-13
Table Control Attributes at Runtime .........................................23-14
Table Control Attributes (Structure) ........................................23-15
Processing a Table Control ........................................................23-16
Processing a Table Control (Principle) .....................................23-17
Table Control: Applications (Principle) ...................................23-18
Filling a Table Control ...............................................................23-19
Table Controls: Field Transport in the PBO ....................................23-20
Coding: Filling a Table Control ................................................23-21
Changing the Contents of a Table Control ............................................23-22
Table Controls: Field Transport in the PAI .................................................23-23
Coding: Changing the Contents of a Table Control .................................23-24
Table Control: Further Techniques ...........................................23-25
Changing a Table Control ..........................................................23-26
Changing the Attributes of a Table Control (1) .........................................23-27
Changing the Attributes of a Table Control (2) ..................................................23-28
Table Control: Changing Field Attributes Temporarily .........................23-29
Table Control: Sorting (Example) .............................................23-30
Table Control: Scrolling Page By Page (Example) ..............................................23-31
Table Control: Cursor Position (Example)....................................................23-32
Table Control: Unit Summary ...................................................23-33
Table Control: Exercises ............................................................23-34
Table Control: Solutions ............................................................23-39
Context Menus on Screens ...............................................................24-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................24-2
Context Menus ...............................................................................24-3
Creating a Context Menu .............................................................24-4
Creating a Context Menu: Assigning Functions ...............................................24-5
Linking Screen Objects ................................................................24-6
Using the Context Menu ..............................................................24-7
Modifying Context Menus Dynamically ....................................24-8
Context Menu: Unit Summary ....................................................24-9
Context Menus on Screens: Exercises ......................................24-10
Context Menus on Screens: Solutions ......................................24-12
Lists in Screen Programming ...........................................................25-1
Overview Diagram ........................................................................25-2
Screen Object: List .......................................................................25-3
Creating a List Buffer ...................................................................25-4
Events for the List .........................................................................25-5
List Display at the Frontend ........................................................25-6
List Display on the Screen ...........................................................25-7
Lists in Modal Dialog Boxes .......................................................25-8
Lists: Unit Summary ....................................................................25-9
Lists in Screen Programming: Exercises.........................................25-10
Lists in Screen Programming: Solutions........................................25-11
Appendix .............................................................................................26-1
- .........................................................................................................26-2
ABAP Glossary ..............................................................................26-4
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